Notes, phrases etc. No copyright material.
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14-12-2017 4:30pmThough the thread has been quite dead for a while now with really only me posting notes, I thought the JC notes thread here in the link below was a great idea: https://www.boards.ie/vbulletin/showthread.php?t=2055835050
When I first came to this sub forum, I was like, where's a similar thread? Why isn't there a thread for LC notes, especially as LC is obviously more important than the JC (sometimes quite a controversial topic though). I took it upon myself to start this to post my notes and for others to post theirs.
Disclaimer: The notes can be of any Leaving Cert subject, including of the new upcoming ones such as PE, Computer Science etc. However, do not post any copyright material or any material of others, strictly only yours.
To start the thread off, here's my Plate Tectonics notes for Geography:
Earth's structure
The Earth's structure is made up of the following:- Continental Crust
- Oceanic Crust
- The Mantle
- Outer Core
- Inner Core
The Core- The Core is the most centre point of the Earth.
- It is made up of dense, heavy metals which sank to the centre as the Earth began to cool.
- The Core is divided into two parts: the Inner Core and Outer Core.
- The Earth's inner core is a solid sphere made of the metals nickel and iron.
- The inner core transfers this heat to the upper layers.
- The transfer of heat is a vital process in making life possible on Earth.
- The outer core is a 2000km thick layer also made of nickel and iron.
- It spins around the static inner core causing the metals to become charged.
- The described movement generates the Earth's magnetic field which protects us from the sun's harmful radiation.
- The mantle is the largest layer in the Earth making up 75% of its volume.
- The mantle is made up of layers of rock which are molten close to the core as it is so hot. Closer to the crust, the rock is semi-molten as it is cooler.
- The mantle can be divided into three layers: the Lower Mantle, Asthenosphere and Lithosphere.
The Crust- The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth and makes up the top part of the lithosphere. It is made of solid rock.
- The continental crust is on average 45km thick. The rocks which form continental crust are light, e.g. granite. Rocks such as granite are rich in the minerals silica and aluminium which are collectively known as sial.
- The oceanic crust is much thinner than the continental crust. It is 8km thick on average but is as thin as 3km in parts. The rocks which form oceanic crust are heavy, e.g. basalt. Rocks such as basalt are rich in the minerals silica and magnesium which are known collectively as sima.
- Plate tectonics states that the Earth's lithosphere is broken into a number of slabs called plates.
- These plates float on top of the mantle and are constantly in motion even if they move very slowly.
- There are seven major plates and several smaller ones.
- As these plates move, they collide with, separate from, or slide past each other along their boundaries.
- It is along these plate boundaries that nearly all earthquakes, fold mountains and volcanoes occur.
- Plate tectonics explains how and why this movement occurs.
Continental Drift- German meteorologist, Alfred Wegner, developed the theory of continental drift.
- The theory of continental drift states that the world's continents are constantly in motion due to convection currents.
- According to Wegner, all landmasses were originally joined together in one super continent called Pangaea.
- Wegner suggested that Pangaea first broke into two smaller supercontinents called Gondwanaland and Laurasia before eventually forming the continents and oceans we see today.
- Continental Fit; where all the continents fit together like a jigsaw, Matching Fossils and Matching Folds are frequently cited as proof of continental drift.
- Arthur Holmes theorised on the movement of plates.
- The theory states that magma heated in lower mantle rises towards the lithosphere, cools and becomes semi-molten. It moves sideways and sinks. Sideways movement causes friction.
- This friction results in the movement of plates, or convection currents.
- Maurice Ewing discovered a chain of underwater volcanoes and mountains along the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. This chain became known as the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
- Ewing also discovered that the ocean floor was made of basalt and was much thinner than usual close to the ridge. This suggested that plates were diverging at this point.
- New seafloor is made at mid-ocean ridges. As new seafloor is created, older seafloor is pushed towards continents making the oceans wider.
- The age of seafloor and ocean sediments are cited as proof of seafloor spreading.
- When an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate, the oceanic plate's heavier weight means it sinks back down into the mantle. It melts back into magma by the extreme heat.
- When two oceanic plates collide, the heavier plate sinks underneath the lighter one. This process is called subduction.
- This means that the Earth is constantly recycling its lithosphere.
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Comments
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Irish Phrases
Faoi shaol laethúil Daily life of
Gan aon imní Without any worry
Ag an áit mí-cheart ag an am mí-cheart Wrong place at the wrong time
As an ngnáth Out of the ordinary
Ar a bhealach abhaile On his way home
Casadh tobann Sudden turn
Críoch thragóideach Tragic ending
Céard atá i gceist leis an ráiteas seo? What is meant by this statement?
Níl rud ar bith a spreagann díospóireacht i measc an phobail na laethanta seo níos mó ná There is nothing better to inspire debate amongst the public these days than
Mar is eol don té is daille amuigh As the blindest person out there knows
Le roinnt bhlianta anuas For the last number of years
Níl fadhb níos práinní le sárú faoi láthair ná There is not a more serious problem to overcome at the moment than
Is iomaí cúis ghearáin eile atá ag daoine maidir le People have many more reasons to complain regarding
Creidtear go forleathan go It is widely believed that
Feictear domsa It seems to me
Caithfear a rá gur mallacht uafásach ar an tsochaí é It has to be said that _____ is a terrible curse on society
Tráth dá raibh, bhíodh Once upon a time, there used to bePhotography site - https://www.sryanbruenphoto.com/
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Short Irish essay on 'Fadhbanna na daoine óga'
I mo thuairim, caitheann déagóirí an iomarca ama ar a bhfón póca. Is fadhb mhór í i measc an t-aos óg. Tá siad gafa leo. Dá bhrí sin ní imríonn siad spóirt i gcoitne. Táimid léisciúil. Mar is eol de chách, tá daoine óga an tógtha le na meáin shóisealta. Tá 70% de óganach ar Facebook. Tá 75% de déagóirí mar bhall Instagram agus Snapchat. Cad faoi comhrá ó bhéal, aghaidh os comhair aghaidh? Nach bhfuil sé riachtanach a bhuilleadh? Tá siad ag caitheamh a tsaoil ar an bhfón póca agus tá siad ag cur amú na blianta is fearr in a tsaoil. Mar a deirtear “Is breá ní an óige ach ní thagann sí faoi dhó”. Is déagóir mé agus caithfidh mé a adhmháil go gcaithim mo shaol ar mo fhón – táim cionntach cinnte ach déanaim cumarsáid le daoine i mbealaí eile chomh maith. Bíonn daoine fasta de shíor ag tabhairt amach faoi daoine óga agus an fón póca. Ach an bhfuil aon dhuine ag éisteacht? Caithin a foghlaimeoidh muid?
Is fadhb mór í easpa áiseanna do dhéagóirí i mo cheantar. Níl aon rud le déanamh ag daoine óga de réir seo tar éis scoile agus ag an deireadh seachtaine. Níl a lán aiseanna ann dóibh mar shampla pictiúrlann agus club óige. Tagann leadrán orthu. Eascraíonn sé seo iompar fhrithshóisialta uathu mar shampla ól faoi aois, tógáil drugaí, foréigean agus mar sin de. Tá sé furasta teacht ar drugaí agus alcól faoi mar is eol de gach chat an mbáile. Éiríonn siad gafa leo. Dá mbeinn i mo theachta dála, chuirfinn níos mó áiseanna ar fháil do dhaoine óga i mo cheantar féin chun fáil reidh leis an droch iompar seo.
Tá daltaí an lae inniu níos buartha ná mar a bhí riamh i mo thuairim féin. Cuireann múinteoirí leis an bhfadhb seo gan dabht. Tá múinteoirí ag súil le ard-caighdeán ó dhaltaí áirithe. Tá cumas áirithe ag chúile dhalta. Uairteanta ní féidir é seo a shárú. Cuireann sé seo le brú agus imní an dhalta. Tugann na múinteoirí obair bhaile do na ndaltaí go rialta. Caithfidh an obair bhaile a dhéanamh faoi lá áirithe. Don chuid is mó is é an lá ina ndiaidh. Tugann múinteoirí a lán obair bhaile do dhaltaí le chríochnú in oíche amháin. Níl a dóthain ama ag na ndaltaí an obair bhaile a dhéanamh. Cuireann sé seo struas thar chuimse ar dhaltaí.Photography site - https://www.sryanbruenphoto.com/
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Irish essay on 'An Córas Oideachais'
Is é mo thuairim láidir go bhfuil níos mó míbhuntáistí ná buntáistí ag baint leis an gcóras oideachais in Éirinn faoi láthair. Tá an t-oideachais i gcroílár gach rud a dhéanaimid. Tá ár mbeatha féin ag brath air seo. Tá an ghráin ag formhór na bpáistí ar scoil. Léiríonn sé seo go bhfuil rud éigin mícheart leis an gcóras oideachais. Mar a deirtear, "Aoibheann beatha an scóilaire". Ach braitheann sé ar an duine más amhlaidh an scéal. Cuirfidh mé na buntáistí agus na míbhuntáistí in iúl tríd síos na haiste seo.
Ar an gcéad dul síos, tá rogha ag na daltaí abhair a phiocadh. Ní coinceap domhanda é seo mar shampla níl rogha i leith ábhair ag daltaí meánscoile na Fraince. Tá sé seo buntáiste agus míbhuntáiste. Ar lámh amháin, is buntáiste é mar bíonn an chumhacht ag daltaí a shaol féin a stiúriú. Ar an lámh eile, cuireann sé seo brú agus strus ar daltaí i leith na hábhar éigeantach. Caithfidh tú ábhair neamhriachtanacha a dhéanamh nach bhfeicfidh tú arís choíche i ndiaidh na scoile. Tá cothromaíocht ag teastáil. Ba cheart go mbeadh rogha ábhair éagsúla againn. Tá an iomarca ábhair acadúla freisin. Mar shampla, cén fáth nach bhfuil scríbhneoireacht chruthaitheach ábhar sa mheánoideachais? Cén fáth nach bhfuil fealsúnacht ábhar sa mhéanoideachais? D'fhéadfainn leanúint ar aghaidh an lá ar fad. Mol an óige agus tiocfaidh siad!
Ar an dara dul síos, ní féidir a sheannadh gur infheistigh rialtas na hÉireann a lán airgid san oideachas i gcomparáid le tíortha eile. Léiríonn sé seo go dtuigeann rialtas tábhacht an oideachais. Áfach, ní thuigeann siad na fadhbanna meabharshláinte na daltaí. Ní thuigeann daoine fásta daoine óga go hiondúil. Is féinmharú fadhb mhór é in Éirinn faoi láthair. Is annis an scéal é ach tá sé fíor ar an drochuair.
Ar an tríú dul síos, cuirtear a lán béime ar foghlaim de ghlanmheabhair. Oileann sé seo ár gcuimhne ach cruthaíonn sé roinnt fadhbanna móra freisin. Nuair a cuirtear a lán béime ar foghlaim de ghlanmheabhair, déanann an córas oideachais dearmad faoin scileanna tábhachtacha eile cosúil le taobhsmaointeoireacht. Cén chaoi bhforbairfidh tú scileanna nua ansin?
Tá a lán míbhuntáistí ag baint leis an gcóras oideachais mar a dúirt mé cheanna. Tóg obair bhaile mar shampla. Nuair a bhfuil mé ag caint faoi obair bhaile, níl mé staidéar san áireamh. Sin scéal eile ar fad. Is gníomh cruálach amach is amach é do pháistí. Sílimse gur cur amú ama é agus aontaíonn formhór na ndaltaí liom. Ní bhfaighimid a dóthain ama dul i ngleic lenár gcaitheamh aimsirí de réir cursaí scoile seachas i rith na laethanta saoire. Tá an iomarca imní orm faoin obair bhaile an t-am ar fad. Is féidir le múinteoirí roinnt cleachtaí deacra a thabhairt don daltaí. Uaireanta bíonn daltaí ag streacailt le hábhar an méid sin nach féidir leo triail a bhaint as an obair bhaile.
An cúigiú rud ná an Ghaeilge. Is léir go bhfuil an Ghaeilge an-tábhachtach. Idirdhealaíonn an Ghaeilge muintir na hÉireann ó chúile tír eile ar domhain. Is í an Ghaeilge ár dteanga dúchais. Áfach, caitheann an córas oideachais agus na daoine go hainnis leis an Ghaeilge. Tá an córas oideachais ag teacht salach ar dhul chun cinn an theanga. Má amharcfaimid siar an stair, fuair formhór na ndaltaí céim meánscoile agus bhí caighdeán ard acu ina theanga tríú ná Gaeilge. Déanann daltaí staidéar ar an Ghaeilge ar feadh ceithre bliana déag agus ní raibh aon eolas acu go bhfuil an rása "An bhfuil cead agam dul go dtí an leithreas?". Is oth liom a rá seo ach tá sé fíor ar an drochuair. Gach dalta mar oiltear! Déanann an córas oideachais dearmad faoi príomh-prionsabal amháin. Mar a deirtear, "Beatha teanga í a labhairt". Cuireadh béim beag ar cainte na Gaeilge go 2012. I 2012, d'athraigh siad Ardteist an Ghaeilge. Tá 40 faoin gcéad ag dul le Scrúdú Béil ó 2012 ar aghaidh. Ceapaim go bhfuil an bealach seo níos fearr ach níl sé a dóthain. Tá an Ghaeilge an-tábhachtach ach níor cheart do a bheith mar ábhar éigeantach. Cuirtear go leor struis neamhriachtanach ar daltaí de thoradh na Gaeilge. Cuireann sé seo fonn múisce orm. Is é an feic saolta é agus níl sé ceart, comhair nó cóthrom.
An rud deireanach ná córas na bpointí agus na gradaí. Tá an córas claonta. Cuireann an córas seo daltaí na hArdtheiste faoi bhrú agus faoi strus milteannach. Cloistear daltaí agus múinteoirí de shíor ag gearán faoi. Braitheann todhchaí an dalta go léir ar scrúdú amháin agus ar an ngníomh ar lá airithe. Beidh ar an rialtas dul i ngleic leis an bhfadhb seo láithreach. Dar liom, bheadh measúnú leanúnach níos cóthraime agus bheadh sé bunaithe ar chumas, iarracht agus díograis an dalta. Ní bheadh an strus ceanna ar dhaltaí dá mbeadh córas cóthrom mar seo curtha i láthair ag an Roinn Oideachais agus Scileanna. Le blianta beaga anuas feictear go bhfuil an Rialtas ag bogadh sa threo seo leis an Teastais Shóisearach nua ach mar is gnáth le athrú in Éirinn tá sé ina phraiseach - múinteoirí ag múineadh gan traeníl ar bith. Níl sé seo cóthrom orthu gan tracht ar na ndaltaí.Photography site - https://www.sryanbruenphoto.com/
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Random French vocabulary I've learned over 5th year so far
Un cours - A class
Un emploi du temps - A timetable
Être en retard - To be late
Un aller-simple - A one-way ticket
Un aller-retour - A return ticket
L’heure de goûter - Snack time
Gourmand - Greedy
Effrayant - Frightening
C’est dommage - It’s a pity
Vieux - Old
L’avocat - Lawyer
Sage - Wise
Les boules - Boules
Le bâtiment - Building
C’est tout près - It’s very near
Tout droit - Straight
À côté de - Beside
Un billet de concert - A concert ticket
Faire la lessive - Do the laundry
En désordre - In a mess
Des chaussettes - Socks
Mon émission préféré(e) - My favourite show
Un chaîne - A TV channel
Se casser - To break
Faire les courses - Do the shopping
Un croisière - A cruise
Un anniversaire de mariage - Wedding anniversary
Se lever tôt - Get up early
La barrière - Farm gate
Le champ - Field
Échapper - To escape
Se fâcher - To get angry
La santé - Health
Au rez-de-chaussée - On the ground floor
Un appareil photo - A camera
Une parapluie - An umbrella
Une casque de moto - A motorbike helmet
Le ski nautique - Water skiing
Du brouillard - Fog
Un entretien - An interview
Une formation professionelle - Professional training
Un animateur - An assistant
Mise en pratique - A placement
Poser ma candidature - To apply
Le BAC - Leaving Cert
Une petite annonce - An advert in the the newspaper
Un immeuble - An apartment
En panne - Out of order
L’ascenseur - Lift
La circulation - Traffic
Le bruit - Noise
Bruyant - Noisy
Un terrasse - A terrace
Les informations - News
Une inondation - A flood
Les rues noyés - Flooded roads
Les dégats - Damage
Touché - Affected
Une entreprise - A business
Des petits-enfants - Grandchildren
Un adolescent - A teenager
Élever - To raise / bring up
L’enfance - Childhood
Garder la forme - To keep in shape
La même taille - The same size
Ressembler à - To resemble / look like
Ouvrir des portes - Open up opportunities
Mon propre style - My own style
La vie familiale - Family life
Le divorce - Divorce
Serrer dans mes bras - Hold in my arms
Ils me manquent - I miss them
La femme de ma vie - Woman of my dreams
Un coup de foudre - Love at first sightPhotography site - https://www.sryanbruenphoto.com/
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French vocabulary
Décrivez vous-même
Je suis de nature - I am by nature
On dit que je suis - People say that I am
Mes parents disent que je suis - My parents say I am
Mes amis disent que je suis - My friends say I am
Question Words
Qui - Who
Que - What
Qu’est-ce que - What
Où - Where
Quand - When
Pourquoi - Why
Comment - How
Combien - How much / how many
Quel(s) (masc.) - What / which
Quelle(s) (fem.) - What / which
Relationship with your family and parents
Mes parents me donnent beaucoup de liberté car - My parents give me a lot of freedom because
Ils me font confiance - They trust me
Mes parents sont très compréhensifs - My parents are very understanding
Mes parents me mettent toujours la pression pour les examens - My parents are always putting pressure on me for the exams
Je suis gâte - I am spoiled
Je ne suis pas gâte - I am not spoiled
J’ai du mal à discuter avec mes parents parce que - I have difficulty talking with my parents because
Ma mère me tape sur les neufs - My mother gets on my nerves
Je m’entends bien avec mes parents - I get on well with my parents
Je crois que mes parents sont - I believe that my parents are
Je m’entends mieux avec.... que - I get on better with.... than
Je me dispute avec - I fight with
________ m’agace - ________ annoys me
________ m’énerve - ________ annoys me
C’est toujours la guerre entre nous! - It is always war between us!
On se dispute comme chat et chien - We fight like cats and dogs
Je ne peux pas supporter - I can’t support
Chores
Je range ma chambre - I tidy my room
Je passe l’aspirateur - I vacuum / hoover
Je fais la vaisselle - I do the washing up
Je fais les courses - I do the shopping
Je fais le repassage - I do the ironing
Je mets la table - I set the table
Je fais mon lit - I make my bed
Je débarrasse la table - I clear the table
Je balaie la maison - I sweep the house
Je sors la poubelle - I take out the bin
Je sors le chien - I take out the dog
Je fais la poussière - I do the dusting
Je fais la lessive - I do the laundry
Je remplis le lave-vaisselle - I load the dishwasher
Je vide le lave-vaisselle - I empty the dishwasher
Je tons la pelouse - I cut the grass / mow the lawn
Je donne à manger au chien - I feed the dog
C’est ma mère qui fait la plupart de tâches ménagères chez nous - My mother does most of the chores in our house
Mon frère ne fait rien de tout! - My brother does nothing at all!
Il est trop paresseux! - He is so lazy!
J’aime aider ma mère faire - I like to help my mother do
Que faites-vous pour aider à la maison? - What do you do to help out at home?
Aidez-vous à la maison? - Do you help at home?
Aidez-vous votre mère? - Do you help your mother?
Hobbies
Des passe-temps - Hobbies
Des loisirs - Leisure activities
Je suis un vrai fana de - I’m a true fan of
J’aime - I like
J’adore - I love
Jouer des jeux-vidéo - Play video games
Ècrire des chansons - Write songs
Nager - Swim
Ècouter de la musique - Listen to music
Aller à la gym - Go the gym
Jouer au foot - Play football
Jouer au foot gaélique - Play gaelic football
Garder la forme - Keep fit
Jouer du Piano - Play piano
Lire des livres - Read books
Je suis un vrai rat de bibliothèque - I’m a true bookworm
Quels sont vos loisirs? - What are your leisure activities?
Quels sont vos passe-temps? - What are your hobbies?
Qu’est-ce que vous aimez faire pendant votre temps libre? - What do you like to do during your free time?
J’aime télécharger des chansons sur mon ordinateur - I like to download songs on my computer
Je n’aime pas la lecture - I don’t like reading
Par conséquence je trouve l’anglais ennuyant - As a result, I find English boring
Je passe pas mal de temps en ligne - I spend quite a bit of time online
J’ai un serveur Discord - I have a Discord server
J’ai ma propre site - I have my own site
J’ai une page Facebook - I have a Facebook page
J’adore les réseaux sociaux - I love social mediaPhotography site - https://www.sryanbruenphoto.com/
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Sraithpictiúr a Haon: Cuairt Aintín ar Nua Eabhrac (Sraithpictiúr 2019)
Pictiúr a Haon
Dé Céadaoin seo caite, bhí Aoife agus a deirfiúr Eimear suite os comhair na teilifíse sa seomra suí.
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Sa dheireadh, bheartaigh siad cuairt a tabhairt ar Niamh.
Níor fhaca siad Niamh le bianta.
Bhí siad ag tnúth go mór leis.
Pictiúr a Ceathair
Chuaigh siad go dtí an t-aerfort Bhaile Átha Cliath.
D'ardaigh siad a seolta leo go Meiriceá ina dhiaidh sin.
Bhí an ghrian ag scoilteadh na gcloch.
Bhí an turas fada.
Bhí siad tuirseach ach bhí sceitimíní orthu Niamh a fheiceáil ag an t-am ceanna.
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Pictiúr a Cúig
Tá árasán galánta ag Niamh.
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D'ith siad béile le chéile.
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Chuaigh siad go dtí an t-amharclann ina dhiaidh.
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The Consumer notes for Business
The Consumer- A consumer is a person who buys a good or service for their own use and not for resale.
- Negotiation - Process of bargaining to try to reach a mutually acceptable solution. The consumer goes back to the shop and explains the problem with their purchased and sets out what he would like the shop to do to solve the problem. They try to reach a compromise.
- Consumer Association of Ireland - An interest group which aims to make sure consumers get good quality products and services.
- Ombudsman - Deals with complaints against government agencies and it's a free service. They are the last resort before legislative methods. They investigate disputes and issue recommendations.
- The CAI gives advice on you rights and on how to solve a consumer problem.
- The CAI publishes a magazine called Consumer Choice explaining consumer rights.
- The CAI lobby's the Government about consumer issues such as consumer law.
- The CAI is an independent, non-profit making organisation for consumers.
- It aims to make consumers aware of their laws and rights by their website, shoppers rights cards etc.
- Investigates breaches of consumer law like power to enter the premises, take evidence, contact Garda etc.
- I think that the Ombudsman is effective because:
- - It's a free service.
- - Less intimidating than dealing with the government agency yourself.
- Cheap - No need to pay for solicitors.
- Quick - No waiting for appointments or court dates.
- Friendlier - Easier to have good relations when the dispute is over.
- Consumer Protection Act 2007
- Sale of Goods and Supply of Services Act 1980
- National Consumer Agency
- Small Claims Court
- This law deals with unfair business to consumer commercial practices. It does not apply to dealings between businesses.
- A commercial practice is any conduct or description offered by a business to a consumer before, during or after the consumer's transaction with the business.
- This Act prohibits the following practices:
- - Misleading Practices
- - Aggressive Practices
- - Prohibited Practices
- A commercial practice is misleading if it contains false information or misleads the average consumer.
- Leaving out information that a consumer would need to make an informed purchasing, decisions are all considered misleading practices.
- It is an offence for a business to make misleading claims about:
- - The nature of the product
- - The result to be expected from the product
- - The product's main characteristics
- - The product's usage and prior history
- A commercial practice is aggressive if the business harasses the consumer or puts them under unfair pressure.
- The law bans the following aggressive practices:
- - Threatening or abusive language or behaviour by a trader.
- The following practices are banned in all cases and it is an offence for any business to engage in them:
- - Making untrue claims that the product can cure illnesses.
- - Advertising that a business is holding a closing down sale or moving to new premises when the trader has no intention of closing down or moving premises.
- - Telling the consumer that they have won a free gift when in fact it will cost them to claim the free gift.
- - Running a competition offering a top prize when in fact there is no top prize.
- The law gives the National Consumer Agency a range of powers to ensure that a business obeys this law:
- - It can prosecute (take to court).
- - It can issue them with a Compliance Notice which orders the business to stop and obey the law by a certain date.
- - It can issue fines.
- I think this is a good law because:
- - It protects consumers from sharp practices and con men that seek to rip off consumers.
- - It ensures consumers get fair and honest information about what they are buying and the price they will have to pay.
- Informs consumers of their rights. They do this through their website, shoppers rights cards etc.
- Investigates breaches of consumer laws.
- Conducts research into consumer issues by lobbying the Government.
- Acts as a representative for consumers.
- Quick - Aims to handle consumer complaints quickly within 4 weeks. No lawyers are involved.
- Cheap - Costs only €25 to apply.
- Amount - Consumers can only claim up to €2,000.
- I think that the Small Claims Court is effective because:
- - It ensures that consumers get justice quickly and cheaply.
- - It is convenient as it is local or online.
- - It is informal and not like a normal court.
- This Act gives the following rights to consumers:
- Retailer must solve consumer complaints - If a consumer returns an item to a shop, they cannot be told to contact the manufacturer.
- Merchantable quality - Goods must be of an acceptable standard for the price paid for them.
- Fit for purpose - Goods must function as they are supposed to.
- Correspond to description - Goods and services must match their description.
- Correspond to sample - Goods must match samples displayed or advertised.
- Services - Must be provided by a qualified person.
- Guarantees - Guarantees are extra protection given to consumers. It gives them the choice of getting the manufacturer to fix the goods or getting the retailer to deal with the complaint.
- A consumer is entitled to a remedy or redress if the product/service is not working.
- If the fault is a major one and discovered soon after the purchase, the consumer is entitled to a full refund provided they complain quickly.
- The consumer may decide to accept a replacement of the product or service instead.
- If the product/service was obtained some time ago, the best the consumer can expect is a repair.
- I think that this law is very effective because:
- - It gives rights to consumers.
- - It ensures that the consumers can get their money back if the law is broken.
- - Consumers now have more confidence to complain and will not be fobbed off by retailers.
- Means "Let the buyer beware"
Photography site - https://www.sryanbruenphoto.com/
Weather photo portfolio - https://sryanbruen.myportfolio.com/weather-1
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More Irish phrases
I gcuinne mo thola Against my will
Ní gearánta dúinn We shouldn't complain
Cleachtadh a dhéanann máistreacht Practice makes perfect
Idir an dá linn In the meantime
Ní cheannódh an saol an suaimhneas Money can't buy you happiness
Níl aon tinteán mar do thinteán féin There's no place like home
Go n-éirí on bóthar leat May the road rise with youPhotography site - https://www.sryanbruenphoto.com/
Weather photo portfolio - https://sryanbruen.myportfolio.com/weather-1
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Les expressions animalières (French)
Appeler un chat un chat – To call a spade a spade
Verser des larmes de crocodile – To cry crocodile tears
Avoir un chat dans la gorge – To have a frog in your throat
Filer comme un lapin – To be in a rush
Avoir une mémoire d’éléphant – To have the memory of an elephant
Avoir une fièvre de cheval – To have a high temperature
Être malin comme un singe – To be as clever as a monkey
Il fait un temps de chien – It’s bad weather
Il fait un froid de canard – It’s freezing
Manger comme un cochon – To eat messilyPhotography site - https://www.sryanbruenphoto.com/
Weather photo portfolio - https://sryanbruen.myportfolio.com/weather-1
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Les animaux (French)
Les animaux domestiques (Pets)
Un chat – Cat
Un chaton – Kitten
Un chien – Dog
Un chiot – Puppy
Un hamster – Hamster
Un lapin – Rabbit
Un poisson rouge – Goldfish
Une souris – Mouse
Une tortue – Tortoise
Les animaux sauvages (Wild animals)
Un éléphant – Elephant
Une girafe – Giraffe
Un loup – Wolf
Un ours – Bear
Un renard – Fox
Un sanglier – Boar
Un singe – Monkey
Un tigre – Tiger
Les reptiles (Reptiles)
Un alligator – Alligator
Un crocodile – Crocodile
Un lézard – Lizard
Un serpent – Snake
Les animaux de la ferme (Farm animals)
Un âne – Donkey
Un canard – Duck
Un cheval – Horse
Une chèvre – Goat
Un cochon – Pig
Un mouton – Sheep
Une poule – Hen
Un poussin – Chicken
Une vache – Cow
Un veau – Calf
Les oiseaux (Birds)
Un oiseau – Bird
Un aigle – Eagle
Un canari – Canary
Un cygne – Swan
Un dindon – Turkey
Un hibou – Owl
Une mouette – Seagull
Une oie – Goose
Un perroquet – Parrot
Un pigeon – Pigeon
Un pingouin – Penguin
Les insectes (Insects)
Une abeille – Bee
Une coccinelle – Ladybird
Une fourmi – Ant
Une guêpe – Wasp
Une mouche – Fly
Un moustique – Mosquito
Les poissons et animaux aquatiques (Fish & aquatic animals)
Une baleine – Whale
Un dauphin – Dolphin
Un saumon – Salmon
Un phoque – Seal
Un requin – Shark
Une truite – Trout
Les amphibiens (Amphibians)
Un crapaud – Toad
Une grenouille – Frog
Une salamandre – SalamandrePhotography site - https://www.sryanbruenphoto.com/
Weather photo portfolio - https://sryanbruen.myportfolio.com/weather-1
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Adverbs (French)
An adverb is a word that describes a verb – how an action is carried out.
In English, most adverbs end in –ly.
In French, most adverbs are formed by adding –ment to the feminine form of the adjective. (* There are some exceptions!)
Doucement – Gently
Facilement – Easily
Heureusement – Happily
Absolument – Absolutely
Poliment – Politely
Vraiment – Really, truly
Constamment – Constantly
Récemment – Recently
Aveuglément – Blindly
Énormément – Enormously
Profondément – Profoundly
D’abord – At first
Ailleurs – Elsewhere
Cependant – However
Davantage – More
Déjà – Already
Ensuite – Then
Néanmoins – Nevertheless
Pourtant – However
Quelquefois – Sometimes
Sinon – Otherwise
Soudain – Suddenly
Souvent – Often
Toujours – Always
Vite – Quickly
Bien – Well
Brièvement – Briefly
Gentiment – Nicely
Mal – Badly
Mieux – Better/bestPhotography site - https://www.sryanbruenphoto.com/
Weather photo portfolio - https://sryanbruen.myportfolio.com/weather-1
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Your French notes are excellent, mais je me permets quand même de faire quelques corrections
I don't know if they're typos / if your teacher gave you them wrong, but they stood out to me.
UN parapluie - it's masculine. It feels like it should be feminine, but it's not!
Un immeuble isn't so much an apartment as a building or a property, hence why if you ever try to live in France you'll see things like "quiet [appartement] in a nice old [immeuble]". It's related to the word "immobile", as in non-moving, since that's what buildings do.Not that apartments move, but... y'know.
Le bac would be written in lowercase; it's not an acronym.
Les rues noyéEs (rue = feminine), but that would mean a drowned street... I've never seen that, but une rue inondées would sound more normal to me (and I googled that and found articles from last week with that phrasing).
Not sure if it's just an accentuation thing but since you were quite thorough otherwise and even put the circumflex, it's gâté, with an é.
"Je ne peux pas supporter" is a bit English. In French pouvoir is always to do with actual capability. I googled for some examples and one (rather dramatic lol) link I found was a woman saying she "ne [peut] pas supporter" that her boyfriend has had girlfriends before him - so it's more like she tries to deal with it, but can't. On the other hand, someone was saying they can't stand being touched and it was "je ne supporte pas qu'on me touche", again, more of an objective statement of the reality.
C'est X qui fait la plupart DES tâches ménagères, because you talk about "les tâches" in general and then its la plupart de + les. (This also applies with beaucoup)
And this one you had twice - j'aime aider ma mère À faire les tâches. You help someone à do something.
Jouer AUX jeux vidéo (jouer à un jeu, de an instrument)
J'ai mon propre site (masculine)
J'espère t'avoir un peu aidé ! Bon courage0 -
Given what you said about copyright material, I take it you made the geography graphics in the first message yourself. As they are very impressive, can I ask what software you used to create them?0
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MathsManiac wrote: »Given what you said about copyright material, I take it you made the geography graphics in the first message yourself. As they are very impressive, can I ask what software you used to create them?
No, I just embedded them from sites, to make the notes look clearer and neater on here. Like if you right click onto them, you'll find them on the sites.
For example, the parts of the Earth one is on the BBC site. Right click it and you will see it.Photography site - https://www.sryanbruenphoto.com/
Weather photo portfolio - https://sryanbruen.myportfolio.com/weather-1
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Ok. Thanks.
(But shouldn't you be acknowledging your sources then? It wouldn't take much to stick an appropriate acknowledgement under each one.)0 -
MathsManiac wrote: »Ok. Thanks.
(But shouldn't you be acknowledging your sources then? It wouldn't take much to stick an appropriate acknowledgement under each one.)
Ok, I thought embedding it from their sites than uploading it myself was enough. I will from now on if I use any diagrams online.Photography site - https://www.sryanbruenphoto.com/
Weather photo portfolio - https://sryanbruen.myportfolio.com/weather-1
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