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Nuclear power in Ireland

135

Comments

  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 92,550 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Hinkley C is £23Bn + increases up front. There's also up to £80Bn in increased lifetime bills. £100Bn gets you a lot of renewables, grid upgrades and storage.

    Hinkley C had an agreed strike price of £89.50/MWh (2012 prices) for a 35 year term from the date of commissioning. Current strike price is 106.12£/MWh because it's index linked and will keep going up. And there's another £3.10 to add to that if Sizewell C doesn't get the go ahead before Reactor 1 starts (the "possible" 15 month delay will keep that option open)

    To give you an idea how insane this is The Nuclear Energy Financing Bill to prevent this happening again is on it's second reading in the House of Lords "Furthermore, the lower cost of financing nuclear power is expected to lead to savings for consumers of between £30bn and £80bn per project"

    From that link start date for Reactor 1 is 2026 with a possible COD delay 15 months, reactor 2 in 2027 with a possible delay of 9 months so I'd expect construction and financing costs to go up. Also looks like the UK would need something like our annual output of electricity to cover those delays.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 92,550 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Only if by "fine" you mean burning coal and gas since 2009 because 1/3rd of their nuclear power has been offline.

    "Fine" also covers a fixed price €3.2Bn nuclear power plant that's now costing €11Bn. On top of that the nuclear waste repository will cost billions to complete.

    Finland already gets most of it's power from renewables



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 92,550 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    So what your saying is that nuclear power is reliable until it goes offline weeks or months in the middle of winter.


    The problem isn't the welds, it's the entire system that missed them for so long and on so many plants.

    Especially given EDF's history on welds Out of the 148 inspected welds, 33 have quality deficiencies and will be repaired



  • Registered Users Posts: 29 grassmoon


    Nuclear fission energy is the only source of zero carbon, safe and reliable baseload power.

    Fossil fuels cause far more deaths per year. Coal and oil are 1230 and 263-times more deadly respectively.

    Nuclear energy has prevented over 1.84 million deaths from air pollution.

    https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/es3051197

    The nuclear waste produced takes up a miniscule amount of space with the majority being stored on site at power plants.

    Newer 4th generation reactors will be able to recycle this waste as fuel.

    A Chernobyl like accident, that occurred with an RBMK reactor, is impossible in any other reactor design as they are water moderated and have containment buildings.


    The challenges facing nuclear power are political rather than scientific.

    Hitting climate change targets is impossible without it.

    It should be used in tandem with renewables.

    Nuclear energy will also give Ireland energy independence and insulate us from volatility of oil and natural gas prices.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 29,195 ✭✭✭✭end of the road




    nuclear is not 0 carbon because it has waste product which requires storing for generations at huge cost, and it is also not reliable as it requires serious back up to support it and it goes offline at various times for long periods for maintenence/refueling etc, and of course the various issues with construction that are being found.

    the challenges facing nuclear are down to the nuclear industry itself and the fact that nuclear is not cost effective or value for money when examined against all other energy generation sources.

    hitting climate change targets can be done without it, and at a fraction of the cost, and those energy sources which are a fraction of the cost will give even stronger energy independence.

    nuclear power in ireland is a dead duck as there are ultra-cheaper, more modern alternatives available.

    I'm very highly educated. I know words, i have the best words, nobody has better words then me.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,260 ✭✭✭Ubbquittious


    Who are the unfortunately few poor auld divils getting killed by solar power? How do they die?



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 20,111 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    You don't seem to know what is meant by zero CO2. Nuclear waste is carbon in the form of CO2?

    Such is the astonishingly falacious reasoning powering anti-nuclear energy wokes.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 20,111 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    In terms of worker deaths, the solar power industry is 10 times worse than the nuclear industry, mostly due to rooftop accidents involving installers, who are not generally old people.

    The wind industry is worse, also.

    "What are the most dangerous jobs in the energy sector?"

    ...After coal mining comes...

    "Wind turbine maintenance

    While wind energy is growing in favour due to it being a low-carbon and relatively low-cost process, the height of turbines – with the typical GE 1.5MW model consisting of 116ft blades atop a 212ft base – means it can also be a dangerous sector to work in.

    Turbine-associated accidents were relatively unspoken about until a 2011 turbine fire killed two mechanics in the Netherlands, leading to increased awareness of other such incidents. Caithness Windfarm Information Forum compiled a summary of wind turbine accidents in June, highlighting that the trend is (unsurprisingly) rising as more turbines are built.

    Numbers of recorded accidents reflect this, with an average of 33 accidents per year from 1998-2002, 81 accidents per year from 2003-2007, 144 accidents per year from 2008-12, and 167 accidents per year from 2013-17, inclusive.

    Solar panel maintenance

    Solar is a rapidly growing sector for green energy, with rising numbers of projects planned in the coming years. The placement of panels on roofs and in remote locations means workers face a range of potential hazards in the manufacture, installation and maintenance of solar energy. Such risks include arc flashes (which include arc flash burn and blast hazards), electric shocks, falls, and thermal burn hazards.

    The Asian Correspondent says that due to the high numbers of solar sites springing up, solar is three times more dangerous than wind power and over 10 times more dangerous than nuclear power, by comparison to the amount of power produced.

    The Next Big Future estimates that there are 100-150 deaths in the solar roofing industry worldwide each year."

    https://www.power-technology.com/features/most-dangerous-jobs-in-the-energy-sector/



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 29,195 ✭✭✭✭end of the road


    none of that changes the facts that nuclear just isn't cost effective/value for money, and that is the reason why it won't happen in ireland.

    I'm very highly educated. I know words, i have the best words, nobody has better words then me.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 20,111 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    Horse shi​t. Nuclear is cost competeitive if you want energy without producing CO2. Intermittents only look cheap because of the dishonest accounting used to promote them.

    It's impossible to argue costs with people who think we have a thriving hydrogen storage power industry and that i'ts as cheap as chips. Nothing is as cheap as pie in the sky. You can feed millions on it for a tenner.

    A huge problem with nuclear is you can actually cost achieveing net zero emissions using it, whereas net zero based on renewables can be made to appear as cheap as you like because the costs are whatever fiction you care to spin.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 7,125 ✭✭✭timmyntc


    Silvermines is pumped storage, not hydro. It requires excess power to store. Its closer to a battery, not a power source. We still need to generate power from another source just to get it working!

    Environmental cost? Do you know how dense (and therefore small) nuclear waste actually is? The area requirements are miniscule.

    Add to that, the fact that most waste products can be reused in other reactor types as fuel inputs - the totally unusable stuff is very small, and can easily be stored with no worries about running out of space. As I said, its dense not large.

    How is any of that stuff not "clean"? The plant runs with 0 carbon emissions - thats clean & green energy. As for carbon used in construction, well the same applies to wind turbines & gas plants & solar panels etc - except each of those produces vastly lower power outputs



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 29,195 ✭✭✭✭end of the road


    the facts show nuclear is not cost competitive when examined against all other energy sources.

    it is multiples of the cost of the next expensive energy source for less then half the efficiency of that energy source.

    it's over, it's not going to happen, it just can't compete, we can get multiples of the generation for a fraction of the cost.

    real clean green cheap energy vs a hugely expensive not so efficient red energy source that requires a large source to back it up anyway.

    I'm very highly educated. I know words, i have the best words, nobody has better words then me.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 20,111 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    An allegation of 'fact' from someone who alleges: "nuclear is not 0 carbon because..."

    Speaking of nuclear waste, which is always a problem and is so serious, scarcely anyone can be bothered dealing with it these past 80 years and yet I am unaware of anyone dying from it - ever.

    I don't understand the Finish and other such approaches to dealing with nuclear waste, that involve digging huge expensive tunnels you can drive large trucks through, winding down to great depths where you have a relatively tiny cavern where you actually park the stuff.

    I'd convert the stuff to cylindrical slugs of synroc as per the CSIRO process. Drill a series of deep bore holes a few km deep into geologically stable salt beds, drop a string of synroc cylinders down the hole, then drop in 400m of salt cylinders then backfill with a 1.5km of concrete.

    If nuclear energy were used to power a person's entire life's consumption of electricity, the waste produced would be about the size of sliotar.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 92,550 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Nuclear fission energy is the only source of zero carbon, safe and reliable baseload power.

    First off nuclear isn't reliable. On Friday only 5 of the UK's 13 reactors were on Nominal full load. Another two were retired early. France also has reactors offline. Germany retired half it's reactors a fortnight ago. Belgium will be shutting down it's reactors in the next two years. You can't rely on a fleet of nuclear power plants being available in the future. Multiple plants have been taken offline by because they hadn't been prepared for historical levels of flooding or icing or drought.

    The problem is that you can't do nuclear on the cheap.

    Hydro, Biomasss, and Geothermal all provide dispatchable zero carbon power as opposed to nuclear which can't be dispatched as all it can do is baseload. Our grid can handle up to 75% of non-synchronous generation so minimum baseload only represents 25% of demand and Turlough Hill has been eating into that since 1974 both load balancing and as a synchronous condenser.

    Besides for grid stability you must have at least 5 high inertia devices on load at all times spread around the grid so minimum baseload is already covered. The new Static Compensator / synchronous compensator will reduce the need for thermal generators to provide this.

    So there isn't enough guaranteed demand for the output of a typical 1.2-16GW reactor, besides the costs of providing spinning reserve 24/7/365 for such a white elephant would be enormous.


    The challenges facing nuclear are many. Politics can't be avoided.

    For a start there's a history of delays and cost overruns and failing to deliver on the promises especially "this time it will be different". If you exclude plants being built by Russian or Chinese companies then ALL of the other projects are running late.

    Despite promises there is no new step change technology. Today's reactors are only 15% more fuel efficient (on paper) than the previous generation built 30 years ago. Over the same time the costs of solar have fallen 7% a year.


    BTW all the talk of low volumes of radioactive material are smokescreens. Highly radioactive material is indeed produced in low volumes. It will decay relatively quickly so long term storage isn't a huge issue. Unless you start reprocessing in which case the volumes of nasty waste skyrocket, and to use more than 0.5% of the fuel you have to reprocess. Like breeders / thorium the actinide burners work on paper but no one's gotten them working reliably even with cold war budgets.

    The real problem is the stuff with half lives of thousands of years. Much larger volumes and enormous costs to keep safe. If Neaderthals had been using reactors to keep warm during the ice age we'd be dealing with their mess today. If an ice age returns glaciers can rip through mountains. There's depleted uranium and huge volumes of contaminated processing equipment and structures and areas to clean too.


    Once you can store renewables like the ESB's proposed 3TWh scheme there's no economic case for nuclear.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 92,550 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight




  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 20,111 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    Why do you lie about this at every opportunity?

    "Which energy sources are the most reliable?

    Currently, nuclear power is the most reliable. It has supplied the US with well over 20% of our yearly power needs for the last thirty years 1. Nuclear power plants have the ability to produce power during 93% of the year, which is more than 2 times more reliable than natural gas and coal, and 2.5 to 3.5 times more reliable than wind and solar energy.

    Of course, nuclear energy isn’t without its problems – namely, the waste it produces, which is highly toxic and requires careful storage and disposal. There’s also the risk of the damage power plants can cause if they encounter a major problem.

    After nuclear, the most reliable sources are (in order):

    "Nuclear Power is the Most Reliable Energy Source and It's Not Even Close

    March 24, 2021"

    https://www.energy.gov/ne/articles/nuclear-power-most-reliable-energy-source-and-its-not-even-close


    Go on, post some links where this mythical unreliability is catalogued and reported, showing that engineers consider nuclear energy to be unreliable.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 92,550 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    On Friday only 33% of the UK's nuclear fleet was at nominal power. That's pretty far from the down hill with the wind behind you cherry picked 93% for one particularly good year in the US excluding plants closing down or on long term outages. Even in France they've had times when half the fleet was offline.

    Nuclear is not reliable enough to provide consistent guaranteed baseload by itself.

    The problem with nuclear is that you need to cover for large generators falling off the grid with no advance warning. And no guarantee of when or if they'll come backup. Even if everything could be got right there's still fake parts, politics, and jellyfish to blindside those who ignore them.

    It's not like hydro or solar or wind where you can plan ahead using weather forecasts. And we've had pumped storage for 48 years.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 92,550 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    The lie is that nuclear is very dependable. It isn't. Besides wind has produced lots more power than nuclear so far this year.

    Compare wind and the exports too most days the power exported was multiples of the amount nuclear produced.

    If you check the power generation numbers you'll see that German nuclear started the year at 3.3GW (80%) and didn't get to 4GW until the 3rd and then dropped to 2.7GW (66%) early on the 9th for near enough two whole days, when wind had fallen from 31GW to 0.7GW and you'd imagine that power was needed.

    So far this year nuclear had dropped below 4GW for days longer than wind and solar have.

    So much for steady nuclear baseload.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 35,564 ✭✭✭✭Hotblack Desiato


    Why do you keep banging on about the UK with their mostly obsolete reactor fleet which never worked properly? When much better and cheaper designs were already in service before the UK designed the AGRs? It was one of the many stupid and very expensive political decisions made in the 60s and 70s out of an idiotic sense of national pride, and completely irrelevant to any discussion today.

    Scrap the cap!



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 3,181 ✭✭✭patnor1011


    Ireland with abundance of water should invest in hydro - that would be the most logical solution plus wind which never quite stops on the west coast.

    That way we would not be dependent on sourcing nuclear fuel plus bother with waste storage. I would love to see all nuclear enthusiast how happy they would be to have nuclear waste depot next door.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,260 ✭✭✭Ubbquittious


    I think most of Ireland's potential hydro sites are already used up unless you want to do something drastic altogether like flooding the entire blackwater valley and the towns therein



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,276 ✭✭✭RainInSummer


    Hydro is one of the most environmentally destructive ways to produce power.

    I'll take nuclear waste over windfarms in my area.

    We wouldn't need to source nuclear fuel outside Ireland. Could be mined locally. Unfortunately that was banned by the same donkeys that sold diesel as a green alternative for automotive use.

    Post edited by RainInSummer on


  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 20,111 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    What you really need for hydro is steep mountain valleys, more than rain. We don't have them, but Switzerland and Norway do and so of course they have used those.

    I wouldn't mind a nuclear waste facility next door. Given the security measures and such, it would still probably be several hundred metres away. The waste thing is bizarre. The radioactive waste comes from mining radioactive stuff that is already out their naturally. Apart from some radon issues, most people don't have mind melt-downs over this, but they completely loose it if you suggest returning nuclear waste to whence it came - but far less accessible. The level of safety assurance demanded by some for disposing of nuclear waste, far exceeds what exists in the natural world.

    Scientists found the remains of a natural nuclear reactor at Okla in Gabon: http://large.stanford.edu/courses/2016/ph241/zhao1/

    I believe some nuclear waste was dumped into the sea in the past, and that's basically the last to be heard of that, despite it seeming crazy. I'm not condoning that idiocy in the slightest, but the consequences don't seem to match the doomsday alleagtions by some that sealing nuclear waste kilometres deep in salt beds that have been stable for 200+ million isn't safe enough. Humanity is about 3 millions years in the making. It might sound crazy, but I don't care about the possibility some humans might be exposed to nuclear waste, hundreds of millions of years in the future. If they are so primitive they can't deal with it, no loss.

    We are not going to last that long. With virologists apparently tinkering with viruses to deliberately make them more infectious to humans so they can have bragging rights and a paper to write, together with labs that even in the US with their standards, leak like sieves - I think my son said there were 50 leaks a year from top level US labs per year, or something like that - our days are possibly numbered. Did you know Omicron was also made in a lab, just like Covid?

    The impact of nuclear waste in millions of years time shouldn't be of concern, with virologists tinkering.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 7,125 ✭✭✭timmyntc


    We have very few hydro sites in this country - and not nearly as much rain as you might think. Also if you try and create reservoirs through damming and flooding it is disastrous to the environment - totally wipes out ecosystems across a large area.

    Places with real mountains can do hydro, scotland, norway etc. Irish "mountains" are pathetic by comparison, and our rivers are on the small and short side.

    You need much bigger river catchments than anything we can provide in Ireland, save for the Shannon, Liffey and maybe the Corrib - most others lack either the flow or the gradient to be worth damming.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 3,181 ✭✭✭patnor1011



    Hydro is far less environmentally destructive than nuclear. Actually quite a lot less.

    Even if uranium would be mined here it would have to be sent somewhere else to make fuel out of it since we do not have facilities to make end product from ore over here.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 3,181 ✭✭✭patnor1011


    I maybe expressed myself incorrectly. I meant hydro more in form of a tidal power plant. We are surrounded by pretty predictable energy source.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 22,603 ✭✭✭✭Akrasia


    Use Offshore wind to pump seawater into an underwater 'bladder' when there is excess wind generated

    When there is no wind or high demand, flip the valve and use the water pressure to generate power



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 92,550 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    The UK is interconnected to our grid so kinda relevant.

    They have been doing nuclear power since the 1950's and have a much bigger economy so they'd be in a better position to roll out a new power station.

    In 2011 they agreed to order 6 power plants to replace the existing ones which now due to retire. Only one is under construction, already delayed years and not scheduled to come online before 2026 with a probably delay of another 15 months and come back next year to see what the new delay is.

    Nuclear companies from the UK , France, the US and Japan have gone bankrupt or been nationalised in the meantime and it's got to the stage where the UK, French and Chinese governments have had to underwrite the project and companies involved.

    The cost original cost of £18Bn has ratcheted up and even then it's dwarfed by the £80bn extra lifetime cost of the electricity.


    On the other hand France , who we will be interconnected to soon, using those better and cheaper designs has multiple reactors off line in the middle of winter. Has paid a fortune retro fitting them to the latest safety standards (relying on the other onsite reactor is not nearly enough redundancy) and at times has had 50% of reactors offline.

    Different designs, different companies, different reactor generations, same result.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,276 ✭✭✭RainInSummer


    Ah fair enough.

    Yeah harnessing that would be ideal. Be a tough ask though. Hopefully one for the future.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 7,125 ✭✭✭timmyntc


    Tidal does not work - its been found to be completely uneconomical, so much so that all(?) commercial tidal energy projects have been wound up.

    Also tidal only works on very select locations - large inlets with narrow openings. You cant just stick something on an exposed coast and rely on the tide to give you energy.



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  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 92,550 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Lots of tidal lagoon projects proposed for Wales. Flood defence is claimed as a benefit.

    Two different projects on different scales for North Wales , how many wind turbines could you stick on the border of a 6.7 kilometre long lagoon ? It would also offer a larger area for floating solar panels.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 92,550 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Not all, there's the ones in Rance, France and Sihwa Lake, Korea.

    Tides are too low to extract power most places worldwide. It's weird seeing how non-existent they are in parts of Italy.

    In the UK the problem has been getting approval even for the offshore lagoons. Barrages are harder to get approved because of environmental impact. The west coast of the UK doesn't have the same sort of Atlantic storms ours does.

    Coast off Northern Ireland has decent tidal races so it's only a matter of time there. Not huge power but every few hundred MW adds up.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 92,550 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Let's try that maths again.

    22 Turlough Hills is 6.4GW or 2 Hinkley C's worth of output and a Turlough Hill stores power for 6 hours full load.

    Doing that would mean lots of synchronous generation and use as synchronous compensators so grid could adsorb lots of renewables and interconnerctors.

    Doing that would completely eliminate any market for nuclear because there's no need for baseload anymore since 6 hours is plenty of time for dispatchable generators except for nuclear which takes much longer than 6 hours to ramp up if it's been down for a day or more.

    You'd still need dispatchables for backup, but not at peak time every single day and all day in winter which nuclear needs.


    Let's try that maths again.

    Two Hinkley C's would cost €55.2Bn up front vs (€22m in Jan 1972 -> €263.21m in Nov 2021) so those 22 pumped storage stations would cost €5.8Bn which is only 70% of the cost increase (so far) per Hinkley C. And that's using late 1960's technology which may have been improved on.

    If you throw the square/cube law at water storage (using a hanging valley to the sea like Spirit Of Ireland) then the costs per cubic meter of pumped storage drop further. Nuclear is so expensive that building multiple high walled basins like a tidal lagoon setup start to look very attractive. (water could flow between basins or sea)



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 6,260 ✭✭✭Ubbquittious


    But that's not what the chart says.


    What is the "solar roofing industry" anyway? If you are doing some repairs on a roof unrelated to the panels that happen to be on it and die, are you counted among this statistic?



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,276 ✭✭✭RainInSummer


    I don't believe it is. Could I ask you to back that up?



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 35,564 ✭✭✭✭Hotblack Desiato


    The mighty Shannon produces at best 86MW which is fúck all really and that's by far the best hydro source in Ireland.

    Scrap the cap!



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 3,181 ✭✭✭patnor1011



    There are few under construction in the world and two I think right next door in the UK. I do not know but for me nuclear do not look safe no matter how you look at it. Not to mention that despite some perspective potential uranium ore deposits we still do not have any facility or experience to enrich ore to make fuel for it. Yes we can build some, train people but that is another expense on top of building, maintaining and decommissioning plant.

    Decommissioning nuclear plant if not done properly is a recipe for disaster. It is a long and costly process and it seems as a sort of "sure lets others down the line to think about it" scenario.




  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 20,111 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    What chart? My post didn't contain one and there isn't one on the page linked to.

    The solar roofing industry is one where companies supply solar energy systems which include installing solar panels on roofs, and would include maintenance of such systems, like all The Tesla ones that caught fire.

    If you want a chart, here's one:

    (And before the inevitable person comes charging in claiming the our world in data figures are more recent, their source appears to be a paper from 2015.)

    A caveat would be that it's very doubtful the true extent of solar panel installation related deaths is known or captured. The sources seem to be mostly US based and are estimates from deaths of roofers vs estimates of the percentage of roofing work that is related to solar panel installation. The world wide stats would likely be far higher some claim due to laxer safety standards than in the US.

    Solar panel installations also are causing a lot of house fires. If any of those result in deaths they wouldn't be counted as solar panel industry related deaths.

    There are no cumulative stats of worldwide solar panel related deaths, but it's certain that any real figures would very likely be higher than those being compared to other power generation technologies.

    In Oz they were finding 21-26% of installations to be dangerous and faulty, mostly in terms of electrics, when inspected.

    There have been complete building losses from fires related to solar panel installations - 10 at least in Germany alone.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 20,111 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    The negative environmental and aesthetic impact of the whole Ardnacrusha mess is prodigious. Killaloe is a nice enough place, but before the hydro, it was far nicer, as there used to be lovely rapids where the bridge is. There also used to be a small village nearby, downstream, which is now at the bottom of the holding lake formed by the hideously ugly concrete dam. The Bridge at Killaloe could be visually apealing, but it's not, because the ESB attached an incredibly ugly edifice of steel pipes and walkways as an eel sieve to save some of them being chopped by the turbines downstream. Everything to do with the ghastly Ardnacrusha mess should be expunged from the landscape and the original aesthetics, geography and environment restored.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 92,550 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight



    "Nuclear fission energy is the only source of zero carbon, safe and reliable baseload power."

    First off nuclear isn't reliable. Today only 6 of the UK's 13 reactors were on Nominal full load. Two others that should have been on line were retired early. France also has reactors offline which so far will mean 10% less nuclear electricity in 2022. The replacement reactors are years late and the new design has teething problems so years to go.

    Germany retired half it's reactors a fortnight ago. And already the remaining ones have dropped a third of output. Belgium will be shutting down reactors in the next two years. You simply can't rely on a fleet of nuclear power plants being available in the foreseeable future.

    Multiple plants have been taken offline worldwide because they hadn't been prepared for historical levels of flooding or icing or drought. The problem is that you can't do nuclear on the cheap.

    Hydro, Biomasss, and Geothermal all provide dispatchable zero carbon power as opposed to nuclear which can't be dispatched . Our grid can handle up to 75% of non-synchronous generation so minimum baseload only represents 25% of demand and Turlough Hill has been eating into that since 1974 both load balancing and as a synchronous condenser.

    Besides for grid stability you must have at least 5 high inertia devices on load at all times spread around the grid so minimum baseload is already well covered. The new Static Compensator / synchronous compensator down at the Shannon end of the 400KV grid will reduce the need for thermal generators to provide this.

    So there isn't enough guaranteed demand for the output of a typical 1.2-16GW reactor, besides the costs of providing spinning reserve 24/7/365 for such a white elephant would be enormous.


    The challenges facing nuclear are many. Politics is one that cannot be avoided even if you could make nuclear reliable.

    For a start there's a history of delays and cost overruns and failing to deliver on the promises especially "this time it will be different". If you exclude plants being built by Russian or Chinese companies then ALL of the other projects are running late.

    Despite promises there is no new step change technology. Today's reactors are only 15% more fuel efficient (on paper) than the previous generation built 30 years ago. Over the same time the costs of solar have fallen 7% a year.


    BTW all the talk of low volumes of radioactive material are smokescreens. Highly radioactive material is indeed produced in low volumes. It will decay relatively quickly so long term storage isn't a huge issue. But when you start reprocessing the volumes of nasty waste skyrocket, and to use more than 0.5% of the fuel you have to reprocess. If you don't reprocess then uranium reserves will run out if nuclear power is expanded significantly.

    The real problem is the intermediate stuff with half lives of thousands of years.. Much larger volumes and enormous costs to keep safe. If Neaderthals had been using reactors to keep warm during the ice age we'd be dealing with their mess today. If an ice age returns glaciers can rip through mountains. There's depleted uranium and huge volumes of contaminated processing equipment and structures and areas to clean too. As for low level waste there's a reason why the Irish Sea became the most radioactive in the world.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 20,111 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    Can't stop lying.

    "Unit performance. Even as the nuclear power fleet ages, operational NPPs continue to demonstrate high levels of overall reliability and performance. The load factor, also referred to as the capacity factor, is the actual energy output of a reactor unit divided by the energy output that would be produced if it operated at its rated power output (reference unit power) for the entire year. A high load or capacity factor indicates good operational performance. In 2020, the global median capacity factor was 84.6%, in line with the load factor in recent years.

    Another indicator measuring the performance of nuclear reactors is the energy availability factor (EAF), which refers to the ratio of energy that the available capacity could have produced during a specific time period, compared to the energy that the reference unit power (RUP) could have produced. In 2020, the weighted average EAF was 76%, where half of nuclear reactors also operated with an EAF above 87%."

    https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/nuclear-power-proves-its-vital-role-as-an-adaptable-reliable-supplier-of-electricity-during-covid-19



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 92,550 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    We get it , capacity factor of operation power stations is 76%. Equivalent to 1 reactor being offline for every 3 online. Even so the issue is how often multiple fail to provide nominal load at the same time. You can't treat nuclear power stations as being random as external factors can affect multiple units at the same time.


    Unplanned outages due to external reasons, such as significant decreases in electricity demand, increased to 15 average days in 2020, Do all operators use the EDF trick of continuing to call an outage planned when it extends past the advertised return date ?

    See note at bottom : Nuclear power operating statistics do not include outage data from French reactor units as information for these units was not available by the time of publication. Hint : it's freely available here lots of plants offline or at reduced loads.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 92,550 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Capacity factor of operation nuclear power stations is 76%...

    There's a supermarket nearby that's open from 8am to midnight and they always have milk. Capacity factor 75%, totally predictable in advance so you can work around that.

    There's petrol stations open 24/7 but a quarter of the time they've run out of milk. Capacity factor is also 75% and if it was truly random then you could be reasonably sure of getting milk at the next garage, it's hassle but you could put up with it.

    If there's a run on milk or if there's a problem with distribution such that multiple petrol stations in an area run out at the same time the capacity factor is still 75% but now there's nowhere to get milk overnight.


    Nuclear falls into the third category more often than it's supporters would like you to believe. It's simply not reliable enough to justify it's premium pricing.

    I keep a litre of milk in the freezer so I don't have the hassle and expense of needing to go to garages to get milk.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 2,612 ✭✭✭Yellow_Fern


    Antis like to claim that the world is running out of uranium due to limited proved reserves, but what they never mention is reserves are a function of demand and prospecting. We only have 20-50 years of copper yet we aren't being persuaded to cut use. It's a similar story with many metals. The reality is though metals are non renewable, we have never run out of a non renewable resource. The only resources that we wiped out are renewables ones.


    Btw middle of the night and winter and we are still only 16% renewable at the moment.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,276 ✭✭✭RainInSummer


    Re: uranium running out, I'd not heard that one put forward as an arguement before.

    In any rate we've enough uranium to last till the sun decides to swallow us.

    Sea water extraction will eventually get to a place where it's competitive with ISR/OP, most likely this decade. And if even only 10% of the 4.5bn tonnes are recoverable from the sea that'll be enough to keep the lights on in a safe, reliable and carbon free way for long enough that our great great^10x6 grandchildren won't need to worry about it.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 12,678 ✭✭✭✭machiavellianme


    10% of the time that the wind does not blow? Wind has an average capacity factor of 30% on the island. In 2021, it was just 20%. I would think it doesn't blow far more than 10%.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 1,276 ✭✭✭RainInSummer


    They've been running them in aircraft carriers and subs for 60 or 70 years.

    As for the point about gas plants being cheap, that is true, but the price of gas can fluctuate by several hundred percent and we're already seeing fuel switching in Europe back to oil (and oil ain't cheap at the moment either). I'm not sure cheap should be the goal though, reducing emissions should be.

    As for the 10% wind thing, that's just hot air.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 7,125 ✭✭✭timmyntc


    And the capacity factor of wind turbines is?

    Relying solely on wind/solar and storage of same is just a stupid strategy - there's no effective redundancy (other than burning fossil fuels, mostly gas), and we can be totally screwed by prolonged calm spells.

    Using nuclear as baseload, but with wind/solar for peaking (and storage of course) puts the grid in a far more stable and resilient position. Can still export excess, can still store excess, but would be infinitely better positioned to deal with prolonged calm/cloudy spells, and not reliant on LNG importation.

    Small scale reactors in this country are as feasible (if not more) than plans to reuse our gas infrastructure for hydrogen production, storage and transport.



  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 14,211 ✭✭✭✭Danzy


    Nuclear isn't evil, it's just too expensive as an energy source.


    If it made any financial sense it would be ideal.



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  • Registered Users, Registered Users 2 Posts: 2,404 ✭✭✭1874


    You are unaware of anyone dying from the effects of radiation or hearing about it??

    You talk about converting waste products to cylindrical slugs like it is nothing, finding a geologically suitable place to put them, DRILL DOWN a few KM's like it is nothing, drop the waste in, and backfill 1.5 KMs of concrete like it's filling in a trench being dug to put down utility or services a few metres under the ground.

    Everything to do with Nuclear is wasteful/costs/energy intensive/creates CO2 before a single Watt of useable power is created, thats not to mention sequestering the waste byproducts in a safe and sustainable way which is an ongoing cost FOREVER.

    I thought you were for Nuclear power, what you say are not arguments for it, aside from it being makey upey pie in the sky, no one just gets to decide we just drill holes and drop the waste down there and cover it with cement, dropping the waste so far into not very deep water bodies isn't the answer up to now.

    The cost of the whole life of Nuclear energy is not viable, we in this county dont have the experience and there are a host of other factors which rule out Nuclear being safe, cost effective, sustainable.

    It has been mentioned a few times, we could pay for everyone to have solar and battery storage before we got any power derived from Nuclear.

    As for CO2, we could affect that by having very cheap projects of planting trees, EU wide/globally, changing farming practices, changing how much meat we consume (not as easy to do as saying it, but better than the alternatives).

    Nuclear waste is the problem that keeps giving, talking about future technologies is a waste also, until they are available.

    A vast amount of energy is wasted through poor designs of habitable spaces, improve that alone and we save a fortune on expended energy.



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