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3000 km of hedgerow destroyed per year

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  • Moderators, Category Moderators, Arts Moderators, Sports Moderators Posts: 49,647 CMod ✭✭✭✭magicbastarder


    the UK is similar in percentage of land area under trees (13.2%), but they're much less weighted towards conifers than we are. sourced from the UK woodland trust website. plantations would be under 'other woodland' in this graph, presumably.

    i suspect much of the coniferous ancient woodland is caledonian scots pine, of which we have one single site left in ireland.




  • Registered Users Posts: 19,842 ✭✭✭✭Donald Trump



    What you are giving us is an anecdote, and furthermore an anecdote as a tourist. A tourist coming to Ireland probably goes home and raves about all the small fields and stone walls everywhere. Because that is what they will see in the tourist areas. They are probably not going to see the better land and bigger farms of Meath or Tipperary or Cork. When you go to England, you are probably not visiting a 5,000 acre tillage farm.



  • Registered Users Posts: 14,292 ✭✭✭✭Thelonious Monk


    well see magicbastarders post, nearly all of our woodlands are sitka spruce for profit, it's not the same in the UK, the difference is very noticeable when you're in the countryside here. we are consistently around the bottom of charts and statistics when it comes to biodiversity in the EU, a lot needs to be done.



  • Registered Users Posts: 19,842 ✭✭✭✭Donald Trump



    Perhaps if they didn't cut down all our trees back in the day we'd have more.


    You also might want to look at such reports by region as there would be differences between the different countries.



  • Registered Users Posts: 14,292 ✭✭✭✭Thelonious Monk


    they didn't cut them all down, most were gone by the time they came to ireland. also they've been gone 100 years and all the metrics related to nature have gotten way worse, you can't blame that on them.



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  • Registered Users Posts: 19,842 ✭✭✭✭Donald Trump



    Are you talking about hedgrows now or forests/woods?

    What is it that you are seeking here - for someone else to buy land and for them to then plant on it the trees that you would like? Land is very expensive. Except when there are trees growing on it. Once you plant trees on it then it's value collapses.

    I'd be more than happy to buy a plantation of native trees from you at market value if you want. You can buy some good agricultural land, get a grant to plant it, and then sell it to me at market value and I will take care of it from then on. I'll just let you know though that you would be talking of a reduction in value of about 70-80% compared to what you paid for it.

    If you aren't prepared to do that, then how could you expect an existing farmer to do it? In his case, not only would he be destroying the value of his property, but he would also be destroying his livelihood as he wouldn't be able to farm that land any more (obviously!)



  • Registered Users Posts: 19,842 ✭✭✭✭Donald Trump



    How exactly could they have created ancient woodland in 100 years? How does that work?


    And yes, they did cut down most of what was there when they arrived. If you are referring to "most of them being cut down" I presume you are referring to bronze age people clearing the land to live here. The native Irish actually revered trees btw. Their letters were named after them even.


    There is actually some ancient woodland somewhere in Ireland. I think there is one relatively small site somewhere. I can't remember exactly where. It might be on some old estate up North.


    Edit: This is the one I was referring to. https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/support-us/give/appeals/mourne-park-appeal/



  • Registered Users Posts: 1,818 ✭✭✭Large bottle small glass


    A lot of that is historical, land ownership in UK and the republic have very different trajectories; and as such are land usage has been very different.

    While I would like to see a lot more deciduous forest; who is going to pay for that?

    Unless a landowner has money to burn planting land for trees is a bad idea from a financial point of view. What hardwood native species is there a commercial market for?

    The reason the country is covered in spruce is growth cycle (circa 35 years ) and a ready market for the timbre; there is no similar market for ash, willow or any other native tree.

    It terms of hedgerows within working farms a lot of the issues are likely from ignorance and maximising yield. One major downside of CAP reform was cute hoor system playing farmers were rewarded over farmers with a interest in good animal husbandry/interest in nature. Glas and REPS schemes brought lads kicking and screaming up to speed.

    There is certainly a knowledge gap among your average Irish farmer in terms of the value of nature (which probably has historic roots) which seems to be also present in terms of food culture/built heritage; without the remnants of the old British protestant class there would hardly be a nice cheese/yoghurt/speciality meat or worthwhile building left standing.



  • Registered Users Posts: 14,292 ✭✭✭✭Thelonious Monk


    Yeah I can't see anything changing, unless the gov bought swathes of land of something and left it alone and thats not going to happen. Kind of sad really that humans just gave the whole island a brazilian.



  • Moderators, Category Moderators, Arts Moderators, Sports Moderators Posts: 49,647 CMod ✭✭✭✭magicbastarder


    How exactly could they have created ancient woodland in 100 years? How does that work?

    this is a trite and disingenuous response; he mentioned metrics for nature, not specifically ancient woodland.

    you can see the state's record of ALEW on the OSI mapviewer, at https://webapps.geohive.ie/mapviewer/index.html

    open it, click the 'add data' tile near top left, and search for 'ancient'. the identified ALEW sites will be displayed on the map, and if you zoom in enough, the extent of them will be visible. they only included sites larger than 5ac in size, IIRC.

    the status shown if you click on a woodland shows whether it's ancient or long established - i can't remember if the P in PAW is 'possible' or 'proven' though.



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  • Registered Users Posts: 19,842 ✭✭✭✭Donald Trump


    It terms of hedgerows within working farms a lot of the issues are likely from ignorance and maximising yield.


    Actually, farmers were directly penalised under the EU rules for having hedges which were too big. You might find that unbelievable, but it is 100% correct.


    BTW, ash is not an option for the foreseeable future. That's gone for now.



  • Moderators, Category Moderators, Arts Moderators, Sports Moderators Posts: 49,647 CMod ✭✭✭✭magicbastarder


    While I would like to see a lot more deciduous forest; who is going to pay for that?

    we're already paying farmers farming sheep on marginal land in the uplands, to lose money; why not pay them the money to plant trees instead?

    i read (posted by a farmer i follow on twitter) that the total lamb output from ireland's hill farms is ~15m kg of meat per year (citation required, obviously). if that's true, it's less than €100m of meat per year at wholesale prices, for a colossal amount of land use. i'd be happy for those farmers to be given financial incentive to go hands off on the land and let nature reclaim it.



  • Registered Users Posts: 1,818 ✭✭✭Large bottle small glass


    It may be true historically but the reason for continuing reduction in hedges isn't the fault of EU; its large commercial farmers squeezing every last inch out of their land.

    • spraying weed killer from a quad/tractor along headland ditches is commonplace
    • cutting hedge down to the ditch when "tidying" a place up is commonplace
    • removing all large trees in ditches

    Even the Local council were spraying the grass margin on all the road side ditches in my area in the last few years



  • Registered Users Posts: 19,842 ✭✭✭✭Donald Trump



    I just looked at that. You have to zoom in to see the colour of the classification. Red is the ancient one.



  • Moderators, Category Moderators, Arts Moderators, Sports Moderators Posts: 49,647 CMod ✭✭✭✭magicbastarder


    IIRC it's about 400 years old which defines the difference between ancient and long established (could be the down survey); but i don't know what the benchmark is which would mean a wood is not old enough to be considered long established.



  • Registered Users Posts: 19,842 ✭✭✭✭Donald Trump



    I'm not talking "historically", I'm talking about current rules. They are trying to change them, but I'm not sure whether they have been changed yet or not. Ironically, with all the satellite monitoring, it was becoming more likely that farmers would be penalised for having hedges which were too wide!

    1) is (almost certainly) not allowed. At least not with any regular "weedkiller" https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2012/si/155/made/en/print

    2) is in general illegal. There is an allowance where a farmer can do that if they plant an equal distance of hedgerow (actually, I think from this year they have to plant maybe double) before they cut the first one.

    3) is also illegal. It is actually illegal to remove any single tree unless an exemption applies. Exemption being something like it is along the road and potentially dangerous to the public.

    If by "3" you mean cutting a tree to prevent it from escaping (that is the term) then under certain schemes it is not allowed to do that to all trees. Some species of trees can equally function as a tree or as a hedge if they are maintained.


    When you see this "commonplace" activity, then by all means report it. Especially the council.



  • Moderators, Category Moderators, Arts Moderators, Sports Moderators Posts: 49,647 CMod ✭✭✭✭magicbastarder


    "Possible ancient woodland (PAW) stands have been continuously wooded since 1660. Long‐established woodlands (LEW) have been continuously wooded since 1830 and there are two sub‐categories, LEW (I) stands for which no evidence of antiquity could be found in older documentation, and LEW (II) stands for which there is evidence that the site is not ancient. Woodland that has originated since 1830 may be regarded as recent woodland (RW)"



  • Registered Users Posts: 2,812 ✭✭✭crushproof


    As mentioned previously I think tillage farming is the biggest culprit, this is one such farm in north Dublin. What a difference 10 years make. This is a huge issue in north Dublin and Meath and doesn't seem to be taken seriously at all by the local councils.



  • Registered Users Posts: 19,842 ✭✭✭✭Donald Trump



    As pointed out though, the reference point is now 2009. If that change happened since 2009 then it was breaking the law. If it happened before then, then I don't know exactly what the rules were back then. You say "not taken seriously". It could be the case that it was allowed back then. That doesn't mean it was right - I am just saying you cannot enact a law and apply it retrospectively.

    Note that the law as it stands does not allow for you to "get away" with it as long as you are noticed for long enough before you are caught. Penalties will be applied in the year of discovery and the farmer will have to reinstate to at least the 2009 condition.


    And yes, it is more common for tillage men to do that. It would make no sense for most farmers with animals to have done that as the original fields were of a decent size.


    What you have there in your photo is a situation where a farm was sold and the buyer came in and bought it as an outfarm and knocked it all into one field. Your screenshot on the left is from 2004-05 though.



  • Registered Users Posts: 2,812 ✭✭✭crushproof


    Appears to have been between 2012 and 2013 as per google earth satellite view.



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  • Registered Users Posts: 19,842 ✭✭✭✭Donald Trump



    Go to the geohive link magicbastarder gave above and look at that location for the 2004 OSI satellite and the 2005 OSI satellite. You will see that the 2004 map is more like what you have but the 2005 one already has some ditches gone that are in your image


    Actually, those series are not 2004 and 2005. They are 2004-2006 and 2005-2012. You can report them if you think you have evidence.

    Post edited by Donald Trump on


  • Registered Users Posts: 13,829 ✭✭✭✭Danzy


    It is a horrendous distortion of history to claim that the majority of our native woodland was gone before the establishment of full English control.


    You made the same off the wall claim last year and off the top of my head gave multiple primary sources contradicting it, but what do they know, people living in Ireland and the English authorities and military in Ireland at the time wouldn't be as up to date as you are.

    Reading history is not a bad thing..



  • Registered Users Posts: 19,842 ✭✭✭✭Donald Trump



    I don't know, but what I would imagine is that the poster is trying to repeat some sort of technicality such as "10,000 years ago Ireland was completely covered in trees but then people arrived and by the time the English took over, we only had under 50% coverage in the country".

    Which would really be seen as a silly way of defending against the fact that the English did cut down most of our trees.



  • Registered Users Posts: 83,393 ✭✭✭✭Overheal


    These sources estimate about 80% was still around by 1200 BCE, and down to 20% or as low as 12% by the year 1600 CE with 1169 marked as the begining of british rule.

    In pre-Christian Irish society, Brehons or judges laid down the law. This early body of law is now recognised as the oldest known European example of a sophisticated legal system. Brehon laws promoted the symbiotic relationship between humans and nature. Trees were protected because of their value to the community. Chopping down trees was punished by loss of cattle and loss of standing in the community.

    Brehon law survived relatively intact right through the Early Christian period and on to the arrival of the Normans in 1169. 

    I would share your conclusion at least half was still around until the arrival of the Normans, but happy to be educated further by a historian or other source.



  • Registered Users Posts: 20,084 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    It's their land and their livleihood, how dare they not be beholding to those who know best how to mange their properties and how much they should be allowed to earn.

    It might be best to just nationalise all the farms and plant them as forests and then all the greenies in urban areas can just import all their food from France and the EU in general and feel smug satisfaction as to their eco-moral superiority over those stupid countries that are feeding their faces.

    The state seized full environmental control over land I owned, without so much as a cent of compensation, which then devalued that land, by making it a SAC. The SAC legislation is so draconian that if the wind broke a branch that fell in the woods, I was not allowed to cut it up for firewood. When the wind pushed a tree over the access road to my house, I would not be allowed to touch it without first asking Parks and Wildlife for permission to remove it. Similarly, If I wanted to remove nettles in my garden or mow the lawn, or prune the roses, I first would have to make a submission to the department in writing asking for permission, and could then require me to pay for a report from an environmental consultant as to whether I should be allowed to do those things.

    I'd love to seize a bedroom in the houses of all these people who think farmers should suffer uncompensated loss of earnings because of their socialist views on property ownership and the environment; 'environment' being someone elses property, not their own of course, and give it to some Ukrainian refugees. No compensation of course, and tough luck about the decline in your property value.

    Now about this misconception you have about the UK vs Irish countryside, and it really is huge:

    It's estimated that 40% of UK hedges (95,000 miles) are ancient and or species rich.

    So 95,000 * 2.5 * 1.609 = 382,138 km of Hedrow in the UK

    Some 689,000 kms of hedgerows in Ireland

    The population of ireland is roughly 5m; the Uk is 68m, so there's 138m of hedgreow per person in Ireland vs 5.6m per person in the Uk

    So your belief that Ireland is deficient in hedgerows compared to the Uk is less than worthless and wrong on a massive scale.



  • Registered Users Posts: 14,292 ✭✭✭✭Thelonious Monk


    You really went off on one there with the socialist stuff and Ukrainians



  • Moderators, Category Moderators, Arts Moderators, Sports Moderators Posts: 49,647 CMod ✭✭✭✭magicbastarder


    how dare they not be beholding to those who know best how to mange their properties and how much they should be allowed to earn.

    "In 2018 the average subsidy payments made up 74% of the family farm income of the average farm. Drilling deeper, the figures are more concerning, for cattle and sheep farms, where the payments were up to 158% of income."

    https://www.teagasc.ie/publications/2020/cap-provides-important-funds-for-irish-farms.php

    if those who decide how much they earn, get to make the decisions...



  • Moderators, Category Moderators, Arts Moderators, Sports Moderators Posts: 49,647 CMod ✭✭✭✭magicbastarder


    also, from that UK woodland trust link saying there are 95k miles of hedgerows in the UK:

    "With half a million miles of hedgerow in the UK"

    i suspect a typo, there is definitely some mistake there. this link suggests nearly half a million miles.

    https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20211125-britains-ancient-fortresses-for-nature



  • Registered Users Posts: 1,779 ✭✭✭paddysdream


    As far as I can make out there are no hedges removed on that farm bar perhaps a few meters beside the farmyard.Fairly substantial patch on the right of the photo planted as well.



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  • Moderators, Category Moderators, Arts Moderators, Sports Moderators Posts: 49,647 CMod ✭✭✭✭magicbastarder


    was on the bike and up the nag's head in north county dublin yesterday for the first time in a few weeks; probably 200-300m of hedgerow removed on the road at one spot, seems wildly excessive if it's for a house build (there seems to be some sort of development going on). it's the section on the right in this shot:

    https://www.google.com/maps/@53.5545023,-6.2483299,3a,75y,337.32h,88.27t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sV8M7lHHTEOw0pT2rU4k7LA!2e0!7i16384!8i8192



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