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Nuclear - future for Ireland?

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  • Registered Users Posts: 5,381 ✭✭✭Clo-Clo


    nobody does and no planking will ever be approved

    It’s the same 1-2 posters across boards going on about nuclear and the main one hasn’t a clue

    Was saying they would vote SF to stop the wind madness of Green Party till I pointed out SF plan was to increase spend on wind generation and not stop it




  • Registered Users Posts: 15,127 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    That is one of the most inane arguement I have come across here, or indeed anywhere. Especially when it`s not just a "risk", it`s a mathematical fact that we have a proposal to build 37 GW of offshore wind to achieve net zero emissions by 2050 that will cost anywhere north of €200 Billion that will fall short by around 6 GW which is greater than our current average demand. State budgets do not operate on the basis of fairytales and ideological dreams by sinking half of their GDP into projects that are not only unfinancially viable, but will not even achieve what they were supposed too. If they do then they will quickly end up like any business attempting the same, bankrupt.

    You have been repeatedly here attempting to give the impression that Japan are getting out of nuclear when that could not be further from the truth. Even your own posts clearly shows it to be untrue.



  • Registered Users Posts: 15,127 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    As you have posted this reply in reference to a post of mine I can only assume the poster you are referring to is me.

    When it comes to posters not having a clue your good self has been ran out of numerous threads here when caught spoofing and I have never said I would "vote SF to stop the wind madness of Green Party" In fact I challenged you months ago to go through any of my posts and show where I ever supported SF and I`m still waiting for you to get back to me.

    It was pointed out to you by me and others from SF material you posted that the only vague references to wind generation by SF were for community or state owned wind farms with no figures as to what this would generate, how it would get us to net zero carbon emissions ( something as far as I recall that had to be repeatedly shown to you that was not the same as carbon neutral emissions, which you still appeared to not understand), and SF had nothing to say on offshore wind.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 91,627 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    An energy to fuel scheme using hydrogen would have a round trip efficiency of 40%.

    The strike price for offshore wind in the UK is 40% of the strike price of nuclear.

    That's the point at which nuclear became unviable forever as it can't beat the cost of grid scale long term storage of renewable energy nevermind that it can't get remotely close to the price of non-stored renewables.

    The infrastructure for using and storing hydrogen rich gas already exists and can be incrementally added to. So nuclear can't compete on timescale either.

    And energy to fuel is the worst case scenario. Most of the time we'll be using renewables directly on the grid.

    Batteries will become more important in the future. Especially with Lithium Ion being replaced with Lithium Iron Phosphate which allow a stupid number of daily cycles.

    Korea has been touted as a quick to build reactors. It helps if you only build on existing nuclear power plants. Yes they could build the older OPR-1000's in 5 years. But the build times for newer APR-1400's in Korea is now 10 years. You can see how much the Californian grid has changed in just three years.



  • Registered Users Posts: 15,127 ✭✭✭✭charlie14


    An energy to fuel system using hydrogen would have consummers paying not only for the electricity they use, but the same again for the electricity used to produce hydrogen and then pay again for that hydrogen when burned to generate electricity. On top of the €200 biliion capital cost of turbines, they would also be paying the cost of the infrastructure required to generate green hydrogen, the cost of desalination plants that would be required , the costs of hydrogen storage and distribution, and nobody can give a figure for all that or even know if it would work to the scale required. It`s a load of hopium, and very expensive hopium. If producing hydrogen is your thing then doing so using nuclear is a much more effecient means than using intermitten sources like wind and especially solar.

    You keep bringing up Hikley " the most expensive energy plant ever built" but keep ignoring that NPPs built in South Korea have been on average one quarter the cost of Hinckley and that the strike price for Empire 1 wind generation to supply New York is the same as Hinckley, and for anyone who still doubts the increase in offshore wind costs, Northland, the largest member of the consortium, have estimated that the cost of building the 1 GW they have contracted with Taiwan to build will cost €6.5 Billion. That would leave our proposed 37 GW of offshore costing €240 Billion just for the capital cost of turbines alone.

    Batteries to keep the grid operational during the kind of extended periods we have seen to date when wind has dropped to 6% and less is a nonsense.

    I do not know if you have every been to California but when it comes to sunshine we ain`t no California. Our hours of sunshine annually are around one quarter of those of California. Incidentally If you are going to plug a 6 GW gap with solar, then in theory with an annual capacity factor of 11% you would need to install 55 GW of nameplate capacity. In reality, with solar having a capacity factor in Winter of probably not much more than 7% it would require installing 85 GW of nameplate solar capacity. To put that in perspective, we currently have 1 GW of installed solar nameplate capacity.



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  • Registered Users Posts: 8,826 ✭✭✭SeanW


    California also has the most expensive electricity in the "Lower 48" of the United States.

    https://www.chooseenergy.com/electricity-rates-by-state/

    And there isn't enough lithium on the planet - not by many orders of magnitude - to make batteries for all the electric cars, electric trucks AND do large scale grid storage. Neither in production, nor just as likely in actual material reserves. It's hopium and hot air.



  • Registered Users Posts: 5,104 ✭✭✭Shoog


    Battery tech is the fastest growing area of the energy sector, lithium will be consigned to specialist high energy density batteries. For utility scale batteries sodium will take over and there is literally no ceiling on sodium supplies.

    Unlike nuclear renewables are still evolving exponentially and since they are already cost competitive with all other forms of generation - they will sweep the board as costs continue to plunge.



  • Registered Users Posts: 1,161 ✭✭✭zerosquared


    Which is untrue and a lie

    Ground recently broken in Bill Gates funded Natrium reactor

    • can’t melt down
    • can ramp up quickly form 350 to 500MW
    • Can act as storage
    • Can consume waste rods
    • Can consume thorium



  • Registered Users Posts: 5,104 ✭✭✭Shoog




  • Registered Users Posts: 1,161 ✭✭✭zerosquared


    more untruths

    Newest project From two weeks ago

    https://www.windtech-international.com/projects-and-contracts/equinor-executes-purchase-and-sale-agreement-for-810mw-empire-wind-1-project

    That’s 144e per MWh!

    Hinkley C (which itself is on the expensive end of nuclear) Is 90gbp or 106e per MWh

    Hinkley C would last at least 50-60 years while offshore wind maybe 20-25 years (no one actually ran offshore with all that salt and wear and tear that long)

    Nuclear has capacity factor of 95% offshore wind of 40% and needs battery or gas backup or interconnection to UK and French nuclear contaminated electrons over interconnections




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  • Registered Users Posts: 8,826 ✭✭✭SeanW


    And many of those advocating more reliance on weather based renewables are clear that massive grid expansion plus a wide variety of other projects are necessary. I've been getting YouTube ads from an activist group called "Build Our Grid" which demands a variety of investments to support weather-based renewables.

    https://buildourgrid.ie/about-the-grid/#whatdemands

    That, in addition to a laundry list of projects promulgated by the ESB and Eirgrid (list elsewhere presumably) they also want battery storage (presumably in large quantities) AND foreign interconnectors.

    Needless to say, what projects they have in mind are not listed, nor is anything costed.

    California also has large economies (states) surrounding it on land. They also don't have to worry about dunkelflaute as much as we do.



  • Registered Users Posts: 8,826 ✭✭✭SeanW


    And since California was referenced above, I thought it best to read what the government of California has to say about their battery storage rollout:

    https://www.energy.ca.gov/news/2023-10/california-sees-unprecedented-growth-energy-storage-key-component-states-clean

    Energy storage projects capture power produced by wind and solar resources and discharge the energy back to the electric grid during times of peak demand. In California, electricity demand is highest in the late afternoon and early evening hours when the sun sets, causing solar resources to drop off before winds pick up later in the evening. The battery storage fleet provides a critical energy bridge during this time of day. 

    No provision for dunkelflaute, no evident concern for winter (which may actually make sense given California's climate), and no reference to any revolutionary new battery technology.

    So we can assume that what they did was basically take a trainload of cash, buy the entire worlds production of lithium for some time and put in place a system that allowed them to extend their solar power production a few hours into the evening.



  • Registered Users Posts: 13,942 ✭✭✭✭josip


    I think to be accurate, that ground has been broken on Bill Gates' molten sodium cooling plant. The natrium reactor design isn't expected to be approved by the US dept of whatever until 2026 at the earliest, so they're going ahead with whatever they can. Presumably while Bill is still with us and able to wield a shovel for the photo op.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 91,627 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Snakeoiln. See also NuScale.

    TerraPower had already abandoned the previous traveling-wave reactor (TWR) idea.

    There was no hardware in 2022, none today, and since the main suppliers for high-assay low-enriched uranium (HALEU) fuel are Russia and China I can't see this going anywhere anytime soon.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 91,627 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Oh look the US found another source of lithium. estimates suggest Marcellus Shale production wastewater from Pennsylvania could meet 38–40% of current domestic "consumption"

    Lithium Iron Phosphate is one battery technology. It's at least an order, possibly two, of magnitude cheaper per cycle than lithium ion , which means using vehicle batteries for storage would be a viable option unlike with lithium ion.

    There are other battery technologies. We are unlikely to run of the materials for aluminium air batteries anytime soon.



  • Registered Users Posts: 1,161 ✭✭✭zerosquared


    Poster claimed no innovation in nuclear yet there clearly is



  • Registered Users Posts: 1,161 ✭✭✭zerosquared


    For a moderator you sure do have an abrasive and condescending posting style which is not conductive to a civilised discussion, where is that ignore button

    The fact remains, construction has started

    That’s more than can be said about our 37 GW for 2050 of offshore wind plan, as the wind snake oil companies are teetering on verge of bankruptcy after 70% cost increases last year and widespread project closures

    Unlike yourself I read high quality reference materials on subject this recent one from DOE caught eye

    The US plan is 100GW by 2050 of offshore wind, this is a country with largest economy in world (43x ours) and decades of offshore construction and shipbuilding experiences and more critically the infrastructure required (unlike us)

    as you can see literally no one has deployed floating offshore on which our insanely expensive offshore wind plan rests on

    Also notice the cost there which is again higher than nuclear



  • Registered Users Posts: 5,104 ✭✭✭Shoog


    It's not an innovation - it's an experiment. There is a huge difference. It's unlikely this experiment will ever put a watt onto any grid.

    How do we know this, the long trail of previous failed SMR reactor experiments.

    Come back when you have some real nuclear innovation.



  • Registered Users Posts: 1,316 ✭✭✭Consonata


    There are four completed offshore wind projects? Most recent one being completed in August 2023. Meanwhile you touted earlier Natrium reactors, where only the US is seriously investing in the technology, a country with already relatively easy access to uranium and has a nuclear energy industry, two things which Ireland lacks.

    What we don't lack is experience in building out wind turbines, which we can utilise to drive costs down.



  • Registered Users Posts: 1,161 ✭✭✭zerosquared


    we have zero offshore construction experience unlike the US and UK and Norway who spend decades building extensive offshore infrastructure

    Having to rely on companies that are on verge of bankruptcy and had had to cancel multiple projects as their costs went up 50-60% at end of 2023 and interest rates are high



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  • Registered Users Posts: 1,583 ✭✭✭KrisW1001


    The USA isn't building offshore wind because its climate doesn't provide the country with much in the way of wind resources. You may as well argue that Norway is mad to spend money drilling for gas because Ireland doesn't…

    As for "Natrium" (a brand name for a design of Sodium Cooled Fast Neutron Reactor), the idea has promise, but Sodium-Cooled reactors have a poor operational record that has dragged down their availabilty factor (fortunately they are among the safest type of nuclear, so those l faults haven't involved injury or damage). I also worry about any "startup" being responsible for this kind of engineering, where safety is paramount - spending lots extra to avoid something that "might" happen is just not in the American start-up mindset.

    The reason this technology is attractive to the US is that it can be run on decommissioned weapons-grade plutonium, which the US was obliged by treaty to dispose of. It did dispose of that material, by storage, but burning it for power was the original plan. Guess what happened to the first reactor in that proposed family..? Cancelled after massive cost and schedule overruns.

    I'm not against this if it can be made to work... but it's still too expensive for Ireland to take a punt on; the alternative current options are just too expensive full stop...



  • Registered Users Posts: 5,104 ✭✭✭Shoog


    Its a bit farcical for nuclear proponents to highlight the cost increases in offshore wind projects which have been necessitated by supply chain issues, inflation and labour issues. We know that nuclear is effected by all the same factors, been based upon heavy engineering - but we also know that we will not learn about the cost implications for nuclear until their massive cost overruns are finally announced some way down the line (or the company goes bankrupt and walks away). The poor governments are already years in to these behemoths projects and will push forward regardless of the pain on the sunk cost fallacy - with little knowledge of what the ultimate bill will be.

    Its a deeply disingenuous line of argument.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 91,627 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    Empire Wind is due to start supplying power in late 2026. Hinkley-C isn't. This means you also need to factor in the costs of providing the 3.2GW that Hinkley-C should be providing. It's approximately one Drax.

    At this stage it's pump priming prices for offshore wind in the US vs the UK prices for "same again".

    Hinkley C strike price is index-linked to CPI form £92.50 (2012) , now £128.53 = $162.75 and it's index linked for 35 years giving them a guaranteed income stream of £113 Bn (2024) if they can maintain a 90% capacity factor. (35*365.25*24) *3200 *.9 * 128.53

    Nuclear is dependent on backup too as it's doesn't provide peaking power, unlike say solar. But nuclear has much higher requirements for spinning reserve. Several UK wind farms have over 50% capacity factor and being geographically separated means they can have different weather or the same weather at different times. It's not all or nothing like nuclear frequently is.

    And France exports peak renewables not nuclear baseload.



  • Moderators, Recreation & Hobbies Moderators, Science, Health & Environment Moderators, Technology & Internet Moderators Posts: 91,627 Mod ✭✭✭✭Capt'n Midnight


    It's a sodium cooled fast neutron reactor with some breeding.

    Doug Porter, one of the people advising TerraPower started working on one in 1977 at the government facility where they started building the first one in 1949 and which was producing electricity in 1951.



  • Registered Users Posts: 9,729 ✭✭✭Birdnuts


    Costs for who?? No evidence of that for consumers for sure….



  • Registered Users Posts: 33,609 ✭✭✭✭NIMAN


    DO we think if one political party in this country committed to build a nuclear power station, they would lose or gain support?

    I'd vote for them.



  • Registered Users Posts: 5,104 ✭✭✭Shoog


    They would definitely lose support. They would lose it locally from the people who would have to live next to it. Since it's just about impossible to get an Aerobic Digester through planning how easy do you think it will be to get a nuclear power plant through.

    It's very much a marginal obsession with nuclear in Ireland so it would undoubtedly lose more voter support than it gained.

    They would also lose support in the Dail when they had to try to change the law.

    It would be the kiss of death for any party who backed it - which is why it has not and will not ever happen.



  • Registered Users Posts: 1,583 ✭✭✭KrisW1001


    Completely negative impact on any party that proposed it. It would also have a negative effect internationally: Ireland's huge agri-food sector trades heavily on us being an "unspoilt" green island (let's not talk about nitrate pollution...), and even the suggestion of nuclear waste products tarnishes that image, regardless of any scientific fact. Image matters.

    Honestly I think even a couple of the nuclear fans here would have second thoughts if a plant was built where they could see it from their house. These things are collossal.



  • Registered Users Posts: 20,053 ✭✭✭✭cnocbui


    So we would have an example of this impediment to selling agricultural produce in the form France being unable to find buyers for French food products, by what you consider to be logic? No one outside France consumes French wines, cheeses, butter or anything else.

    In 2021 France exported around €70 billion from it's agri/food sector while Ireland exported €15 billion worth.

    As an argument it comprehensively falls flat on it's Brie.



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  • Registered Users Posts: 5,104 ✭✭✭Shoog


    The Irish population is 1/10th of France and yet it produces a per capita agricultural exports of 4x France. Irelands agriculture is sold on its clean credentials and it is obviously very effective at promoting its produce. Irish agriculture and tourism are undoubtedly sold on its "clean" image - so yes Nuclear both seems to effect the attractiveness of produce and has the potential to significantly impact Irish agriculture and tourism.

    Citing French agriculture is far from the gotcha moment you imagined it was.



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